This is the first of a series of business-relevant opinion papers by the Climate Change Working Group of the UNEP Finance Initiative. The paper explores the issue of emissions trading from a financial sector perspective. The first CEO Briefing on climate change and the financial services industry offered strong support for market-based solutions to climate change including emissions trading. This paper follows up on some of the key recommendations – outlining the current political developments, explaining the manner in which companies are affected, discussing the risks and opportunities emissions trading presents, and delving into the role of financial services providers in diminishing the respective risks and creating new opportunities.