"Silver Bullet or Fools' Gold?" is a research report reviewing the markets for forest environmental services and their impact on the poor. This chapter of 40 pages specifically looks at the market for carbon offsets. Dozens of cases from around the world are reviewed to draw out cross-cutting lessons relating to market form, drivers, processes, and impacts. Policymakers and practitioners seeking to address environmental and social problems in the forestry sector through market instruments could benefit from considering the insights offered by this review.